Filters are common accessories purchased by the photographer after buying the camera. Filters are usually always mounted on the camera lens that serves to filter out ultraviolet rays so that the color becomes brighter. In addition, the filter also to protect the lens from impact and scratches.

There are different types of filters are commonly used in a pemotertan. Include the following:

1. Filter Ultra Violet (UV). Media films are very sensitive to this type of light, the effect on the photograph is faded colors like misty. Sensors in digital cameras are not overly sensitive to UV light such as a movie, but the use of the UV filter will increase the color contrast of the images. The main function of the UV filter to protect the lens from scratches and impact. So if you do not use another filter, let alone the UV filter mounted on the lens.

2. Filter Neutral Density (ND). This filter is gray with various levels of concentration. Useful to reduce the intensity of light reaching the sensor. So it can shoot a longer exposure time. If you want to shoot slow speed during the daytime, ND filter is mandatory equipment.

3. Graduated ND filters. An ND filter with a density change gradually as gradation from dark to light. This filter is very useful for landscape photography in bright daylight. At the time of use, the more dense installed above, function to reduce the light from the sky and maintain the light from the mainland in order to obtain images with uneven illumination with blue sky.

4. Polarizer filter. Serves to reduce light reflection from non-metal surfaces. Very useful for shooting through the glass, such as shooting fish in aquariums or historical objects in the museum. This filter also improves contrast and color, as well as reduce light scattering. The effect was most apparent when used to photograph the clear sky with white clouds. Polarizer is very influential effect on the photo and can not be obtained through a digital process. There are 2 kinds of polarizer: linear polarizer with a straight line direction and circular polarizer (Pol Cir or CPL) which has the direction of the line of circular-polarizer viscosity can be adjusted by turning the front ring.

5. Filter Macro or Close Up. Function to change the focal length to allow for shooting an object with a very close distance. Also serves as a magnifying glass (magnifying glass). However, the use of a macro filter will take effect, such as lighting down 1-2 stops, reduced sharpness and DoF is narrower.

6. Filter Infra Red (IR). IR filter will pass infrared light and hold another spectrum of light. Basically, the camera sensor is designed to not be sensitive to IR light, thus causing the need for the use of IR filters lighting in a long time or a slow shutter speed.

7. Artistic filters or color. Provide shades usually associated with certain mood. For example, giving the impression of a cold blue color, while the color orange will give a warm impression. Yellow filter will enhance the contrast of the color of the sky and clouds. Currently, these shades can be added through the digital imaging process that is rarely used color filter

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